在 阿里云中的 CentOS 7.7 中卸载 PHP 7.4，然后安装 PHP 8
1、参考：基于阿里云的 ECS、RDS，将个人博客迁移升级至：Docker(基于预算考虑，最终未实现)、LNMP(CentOS 7.7、Nginx 1.16、MySQL 5.7、PHP 7.4)、HTTPS 的过程 ，之前的环境是基于 OneinStack 的自动安装。PHP 版本 7.4 已经不再符合 Shopify 应用的运行条件。需要升级至 8.1 版本，尽量与本地环境保持一致。如图1
图1
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ ~]# php -v
PHP 7.4.0 (cli) (built: Dec 5 2019 11:56:30) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.4.0, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
wangqiang@DESKTOP-QLPK8QM:/mnt/e/wwwroot/shopify-app/learn-php-app-ubuntu-2004-0605$ php -v
PHP 8.1.18 (cli) (built: Apr 14 2023 04:39:24) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.1.18, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.1.18, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
2、在阿里云中，将磁盘创建快照，避免操作过程中导致数据丢失。如图2
图2
3、配置 CentOS 7 yum 源，参考：《CentOS、Ubuntu、Debian依赖源配置》 。更新缓存时报错：File contains no section headers. Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]# ls -l
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2523 Jan 28 2022 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 664 Jan 28 2022 epel.repo
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]# ls -l
total 0
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 7221 100 7221 0 0 3763 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 3762
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 7215 100 7215 0 0 11531 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 11525
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
File contains no section headers.
file: file:///etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo, line: 1
'<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">\n'
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]# ls -l
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7221 Jun 6 14:32 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7215 Jun 6 14:32 epel.repo
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]#
4、查看文件 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 的内容，其已经不再是正确的格式，下载失败了。阿里云的源已经不存在。如图3
图3
5、打开 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/ ，确认源 Centos-7.repo 与 epel-7.repo 是可以下载的。决定手动编辑保存内容，然后更新缓存。报错：[Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 – Bad Gateway。如图4
![打开 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/ ，确认源 Centos-7.repo 与 epel-7.repo 是可以下载的。决定手动编辑保存内容，然后更新缓存。报错：[Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway](https://www.shuijingwanwq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/4-3.png)
图4
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]# yum makecache Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com * extras: mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com * updates: mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/updates/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. Metadata Cache Created
6、停止实例后，回滚云盘。如图5
图5
7、更新缓存，仍然报错。
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ yum.repos.d]# yum makecache Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/updates/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 502 - Bad Gateway Trying other mirror. Metadata Cache Created
8、参考：在阿里云的 ECS 中，CentOS 7 迁移（更换）至 Alibaba Cloud Linux 3 。打开网址：https://oneinstack.com/auto/ ，基于 OneinStack 的自动安装，选择了 LNMP，PHP 版本 8.1，复制安装命令，如图6
图6
9、启动 ECS 实例后，基于 PuTTY 进入 Alibaba Cloud Linux 服务器中，粘贴执行安装命令，然后一直卡在 –php_extensions fileinfo 处。按 Ctrl + C 中止掉安装过程。如图7
图7
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ ~]# wget -c http://mirrors.linuxeye.com/oneinstack-full.tar.gz && tar xzf oneinstack-full.tar.gz && ./oneinstack/install.sh --nginx_option 1 --php_option 11 --phpcache_option 1 --php_extensions imagick,fileinfo,imap,ldap,redis,mongodb --pureftpd --redis
10、在安装命令中 PHP 扩展仅保留 imagick,redis，其他扩展后续按需安装。如果之前没有安装组件，后续补充安装，统一入口为 ./install.sh 。仍然一直卡在 –php_extensions fileinfo 处，确认 OneinStack 不支持 PHP 8.1 下的扩展 fileinfo 的安装。后续自行想办法安装此扩展。
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ ~]# wget -c http://mirrors.linuxeye.com/oneinstack-full.tar.gz && tar xzf oneinstack-full.tar.gz && ./oneinstack/install.sh --nginx_option 1 --php_option 11 --phpcache_option 1 --php_extensions imagick,redis --pureftpd --redis
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ oneinstack]# ./install.sh
#######################################################################
# OneinStack for CentOS/RedHat 7+ Debian 9+ and Ubuntu 16+ #
# For more information please visit https://oneinstack.com #
#######################################################################
Please input SSH port(Default: 22):
Do you want to install Web server? [y/n]: n
Do you want to install Database? [y/n]: n
Do you want to install PHP? [y/n]: n
Do you want to install opcode cache of the PHP? [y/n]: n
Please select PHP extensions:
0. Do not install
1. Install zendguardloader(PHP<=5.6)
2. Install ioncube
3. Install sourceguardian(PHP<=7.2)
4. Install imagick
5. Install gmagick
6. Install fileinfo
7. Install imap
8. Install ldap
9. Install phalcon(PHP>=5.5)
10. Install yaf(PHP>=7.0)
11. Install redis
12. Install memcached
13. Install memcache
14. Install mongodb
15. Install swoole
16. Install xdebug(PHP>=5.5)
Please input numbers:(Default '4 11 12' press Enter) 6
12、查看 PHP 版本
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ ~]# php -v
PHP 8.1.19 (cli) (built: Jun 7 2023 11:34:24) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.1.19, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.1.19, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
[root@iZ23wv7v5ggZ ~]#
13、我的 ECS 内存为 1 GB 配置。编译 fileinfo 非常占用内存，这是导致无法编译的直接原因。最终决定提升 ECS 的配置，内存提升至 2 GB 。参考：在阿里云 ECS 中编译安装 PHP 扩展 fileinfo 时，一直卡住的解决（提升内存配置）
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